Process
Properties
| Eight | Eight or more consecutive points on both sides of the center line with none within ±1σ (Nelson 8). |
| Fifteen | Fifteen or more consecutive points within ±1σ of the center line (Nelson 7). |
| Four | Four out of five consecutive points beyond ±1σ on the same side (Nelson 6 / WE3). |
| Point | One point strictly beyond ±3σ control limits (Nelson 1 / WE1). |
| Two | Two out of three consecutive points beyond ±2σ on the same side (Nelson 5 / WE2). |